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This paper examines the water–energy–food (WEF) nexus in a humanitarian context, with a specific focus on water, sanitation and hygi
Of the two billion people worldwide lacking access to at least basic sanitation, seven out of ten live in rural areas (JMP 2019).
The key weaknesses identified in water infrastructure systems in urban and peri-urban areas in FCAS are:
The current Sphere guideline for water chlorination in humanitarian emergencies fails to reliably ensure household water safety in r
MSF has intervened recently in several contexts where large-scale surface water treatment has been a significant feature of the WatS
During the initial phase of the 2014–2016 Ebola virus disease (EVD) outbreak in Monrovia, Liberia, all hospitals’ isolation capaciti
The reliance on chlorination in humanitarian operations has raised concerns among practitioners about possible health risks associat
Poor lighting at water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) facilities may reduce the usage of latrines and other services such as bathing
Household water treatment with chlorine can improve the microbiological quality of household water and reduce diarrhea
This background paper focuses on supporting sustainable, equitable and resilient water services over the short and long term during