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Background: The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic poses a grave threat to refugees and internally displaced persons (IDPs).
This background paper focuses on supporting sustainable, equitable and resilient water services over the short and long term during
Appropriate and adequate sanitation solutions are crucial for the protection of human and environmental health in emergencies.
In order to ensure maximum consumer benefits (e.g.
Emergency water treatment approaches relying on coagulation vary from centralised modular and portable ‘‘kits’’ to ‘‘
Sanitation is an issue often neglected in development decision making.
Batch water treatment consists of the intermittent use of settling tanks for water clarification, and is a common treatment practice