In  2016,  the  Technical  Working  Group  (TWiG)  of  the  national  WaSH  Cluster  of  South  Sudan  focused  on  water  filter  technologies  in  order  to  assess  the  suitability  of  the  many  filter  products  available  for  application  in  WaSH  interventions  within  South  Sudan.  However,  the  TWiG  didn’t  analyse  past  disasters  and  water  borne  epidemics  together  with  endemic  diseases,  and  this  paper  wants  to  identify  if  there  are  and  which  are  the  criteria  and  information to  be  considered  to  choose  the  best  filter  (or  other  water  treatment)  to  be  distributed.Even  if  further  specific  research  is  needed,  it  looks  clear  that  the  analysis  of  historical  epidemics  of  waterborne  diseases  in  the  area  of  intervention,  together  with  considerations  about  the  general  context  and  technical  characteristics  of  the  available  treatment  devices,  can  help  to  identify  the  best  water  treatment  solutions.